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Sources

The first version prioritizes official, regulator, court, and international organization sources. Media sources are used only where official pages do not fully cover labour, litigation, or business developments.

Authority Library

Official, regulator, enforcement, and international organization materials for overseas compliance research.

65 materials

AsiaChinaofficial law

Data Security Law

Organization
National People's Congress

Provides baseline rules for data classification, important data protection, data security review, and data export controls.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
AsiaChinaregulator rule

Measures for Security Assessment of Data Exports

Organization
Cyberspace Administration of China

Sets triggers, filing materials, and review focus for security assessment of important data and certain personal data exports.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
AsiaChinaofficial rule

Measures for the Administration of Overseas Investment

Organization
Ministry of Commerce

MOFCOM departmental rule on filing, approval, and reporting duties for outbound investment.

Investment screening and national security
Open source
AsiaChinaofficial rule

Measures for the Administration of Overseas Investment by Enterprises

Organization
National Development and Reform Commission

NDRC framework for project-side approval, filing, reporting, and ongoing supervision of overseas investment.

Investment screening and national security
Open source
AsiaChinaregulator rule

Measures on the Standard Contract for Personal Information Export

Organization
Cyberspace Administration of China

Rules on applicability, filing, and personal information protection impact assessments for standard contracts.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
AsiaChinaofficial regulation

Network Data Security Management Regulation

Organization
State Council

Details duties of network data processors on personal information, important data, platforms, and data security governance.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
AsiaChinaofficial law

Personal Information Protection Law

Organization
National People's Congress

Core Chinese law for personal information processing, cross-border transfer, sensitive data, automated decision-making, and individual rights.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
AsiaChinaregulator rule

Provisions on Facilitating and Regulating Cross-Border Data Flow

Organization
Cyberspace Administration of China

Important facilitation rules for data export security assessments, standard contracts, certification, and exemption scenarios.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
AsiaChinaofficial regulation

Regulation on Export Control of Dual-Use Items

Organization
State Council

Core Chinese rules for dual-use export licensing, end users, end uses, control lists, and liabilities.

Sanctions and export controlsIntellectual property and technology licensing
Open source
AsiaChinaofficial law

State Council Regulation on Outbound Investment

Organization
State Council

A State Council regulation governing outbound investment services, administration, protection, security review, and liabilities.

Investment screening and national securityDispute resolution and crisis response
Open source
Asia-PacificAustraliaofficial guidance

Australia foreign investment national security guidance

Organization
Australian Treasury

Official guidance on national security businesses, national security land, and mandatory foreign investment notifications in Australia.

Investment screening and national security
Open source
Asia-PacificAustraliaofficial registry

Australia Modern Slavery Statements Register

Organization
Australian Government

Public registry for benchmarking modern slavery risk disclosures, supply-chain governance, and corporate statements.

Supply chain, labour, and human rightsClimate, ESG, and sustainable supply chains
Open source
Asia-PacificJapanregulator portal

Japan METI trade control portal

Organization
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

METI portal for export controls, technology transfers, and trade control policy under Japan's FEFTA framework.

Sanctions and export controlsIntellectual property and technology licensing
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU Artificial Intelligence Act

Organization
European Union

Risk-based regulation of AI systems affecting AI products, SaaS, connected devices, and general-purpose AI models.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governancePlatform, product safety, and consumer protection
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU Batteries Regulation

Organization
European Union

Covers battery carbon footprint, due diligence, recycling, labelling, and product requirements, with major impacts on new-energy supply chains.

Climate, ESG, and sustainable supply chainsSupply chain, labour, and human rightsPlatform, product safety, and consumer protection
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism Regulation

Organization
European Union

CBAM affects emissions reporting and certificate costs for steel, aluminium, cement, fertilizers, hydrogen, electricity, and related goods.

Climate, ESG, and sustainable supply chainsTrade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policy
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive

Organization
European Union

Human-rights and environmental due diligence duties for large companies that may pass through customer contracts and supplier questionnaires.

Climate, ESG, and sustainable supply chainsSupply chain, labour, and human rights
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU Deforestation Regulation

Organization
European Union

Requires covered commodities and products to prove deforestation-free origin, affecting raw materials and supply-chain traceability.

Climate, ESG, and sustainable supply chainsSupply chain, labour, and human rights
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU Digital Markets Act

Organization
European Union

Regulates gatekeeper duties for large platforms, affecting app stores, advertising, interoperability, and data use.

Platform, product safety, and consumer protection
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU Digital Services Act

Organization
European Union

Regulates platform content, illegal goods, transparency, advertising, and very large platform risk assessment.

Platform, product safety, and consumer protectionData, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU FDI Screening Regulation

Organization
European Union

EU cooperation mechanism for Member State FDI screening on security and public order grounds.

Investment screening and national security
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU Forced Labour Regulation

Organization
European Union

Prohibits products made with forced labour from the EU market or export, requiring supply-chain risk evidence.

Supply chain, labour, and human rights
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation

Organization
European Union

Regulates foreign subsidies distorting the EU internal market, affecting M&A, public procurement, and ex officio investigations.

Trade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policyInvestment screening and national security
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU General Data Protection Regulation

Organization
European Union

Foundational EU rules on personal data processing, transfers, data subject rights, and significant fines.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionofficial law

EU General Product Safety Regulation

Organization
European Union

Key rules on consumer product safety, online marketplaces, recalls, traceability, and economic-operator duties.

Platform, product safety, and consumer protection
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionregulator portal

European Commission CBAM portal

Organization
European Commission

Portal for CBAM transitional and definitive phases, reporting, authorised declarants, and methodologies.

Climate, ESG, and sustainable supply chainsTrade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policy
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionregulator portal

European Commission Foreign Subsidies Regulation portal

Organization
European Commission

European Commission portal for FSR notifications, investigations, guidance, and cases.

Trade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policyInvestment screening and national security
Open source
EuropeEuropean Unionregulator portal

European Commission investment screening portal

Organization
European Commission

Official portal for EU investment screening policy, annual reports, Member State mechanisms, and reform updates.

Investment screening and national security
Open source
EuropeUnited Kingdomregulator guidance

ICO guidance on international transfers

Organization
Information Commissioner's Office

Guidance on transfer mechanisms, risk assessments, and contract requirements for personal data transfers under UK GDPR.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
EuropeUnited Kingdomregulator list

The UK Sanctions List

Organization
UK Government

Official list for UK asset freezes, travel bans, and other sanctions measures.

Sanctions and export controls
Open source
EuropeUnited Kingdomofficial guidance

UK export controls guidance

Organization
UK Government

Official UK guidance on export controls for military goods, dual-use items, software, technology, and services.

Sanctions and export controlsIntellectual property and technology licensing
Open source
EuropeUnited Kingdomofficial guidance

UK National Security and Investment Act notification guidance

Organization
UK Government

Official guidance on mandatory notification and national-security intervention in 17 sensitive UK sectors.

Investment screening and national security
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational standard

FATF Recommendations

Organization
Financial Action Task Force

Key international standard for beneficial ownership, customer due diligence, sanctions implementation, suspicious transactions, and cross-border payment compliance.

Anti-corruption and public procurementTax structure and permanent establishmentSanctions and export controls
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational standard

IFC Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability

Organization
International Finance Corporation

Environmental and social risk-management standards widely used in project finance, infrastructure, mining, and energy projects.

Climate, ESG, and sustainable supply chainsSupply chain, labour, and human rights
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational guidance

ILO Indicators of Forced Labour

Organization
International Labour Organization

Baseline indicators for identifying forced-labour risks in supplier audits, interviews, and remediation plans.

Supply chain, labour, and human rights
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational standard

ILO Tripartite Declaration of Principles concerning Multinational Enterprises

Organization
International Labour Organization

Important international standard for multinational enterprises on employment, training, working conditions, industrial relations, and social policy.

Supply chain, labour, and human rightsClimate, ESG, and sustainable supply chains
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational guidance

OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Business Conduct

Organization
OECD

General due-diligence framework for identifying, preventing, mitigating, and accounting for adverse supply-chain impacts.

Climate, ESG, and sustainable supply chainsSupply chain, labour, and human rightsAnti-corruption and public procurement
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational standard

OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises on Responsible Business Conduct

Organization
OECD

Core soft-law standard for multinational enterprises on human rights, labour, environment, anti-corruption, consumers, and disclosure.

Climate, ESG, and sustainable supply chainsSupply chain, labour, and human rightsAnti-corruption and public procurement
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational standard

UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights

Organization
OHCHR

Foundational protect, respect, and remedy framework for human-rights due diligence and corporate grievance mechanisms.

Supply chain, labour, and human rightsClimate, ESG, and sustainable supply chains
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational customs guidance

WCO Rules of Origin portal

Organization
World Customs Organization

Customs portal for origin, transshipment, preferential tariffs, and trade-remedy circumvention risk.

Trade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policyTax structure and permanent establishment
Open source
GlobalGlobalmultilateral enforcement

World Bank Sanctions System

Organization
World Bank

Portal for fraud, corruption, collusion, coercion, obstruction, and cross-debarment risks in multilateral development bank projects.

Anti-corruption and public procurementDispute resolution and crisis response
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational report

World Investment Report 2025

Organization
UNCTAD

Authoritative macro background on global FDI trends, industrial policy, investment facilitation, and sustainable investment.

Investment screening and national securityTrade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policy
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational legal framework

WTO anti-dumping rules portal

Organization
World Trade Organization

WTO portal for anti-dumping rules, notifications, committee work, and member trade remedy measures.

Trade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policy
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational legal framework

WTO subsidies and countervailing measures portal

Organization
World Trade Organization

WTO portal for subsidies, countervailing measures, industrial-policy disputes, and member notification duties.

Trade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policy
Open source
GlobalGlobalinternational legal framework

WTO Technical Barriers to Trade portal

Organization
World Trade Organization

Multilateral portal for product standards, technical regulations, conformity assessment, and notification/comment mechanisms.

Platform, product safety, and consumer protectionTrade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policy
Open source
Latin AmericaBrazilregulator portal

Brazil Administrative Council for Economic Defense

Organization
CADE

Brazilian portal for competition law, merger review, cartel investigations, and bid-rigging enforcement.

Investment screening and national securityDispute resolution and crisis response
Open source
Latin AmericaBrazilofficial registry

Brazil registry of employers using slave-like labour conditions

Organization
Ministry of Labour and Employment

Brazilian labour ministry registry relevant to supply-chain due diligence and contractor screening for slave-like labour conditions.

Supply chain, labour, and human rightsClimate, ESG, and sustainable supply chains
Open source
Latin AmericaBrazilregulator portal

Brazilian National Data Protection Authority

Organization
Autoridade Nacional de Protecao de Dados

Brazilian LGPD regulator portal covering data subjects, compliance, enforcement, international affairs, and guidance.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
North AmericaCanadaofficial portal

Canada forced labour and supply chains reporting portal

Organization
Public Safety Canada

Official portal for Canadian reporting duties on forced labour and child labour risks in supply chains.

Supply chain, labour, and human rightsClimate, ESG, and sustainable supply chains
Open source
North AmericaCanadaofficial guidance

Guidelines on the National Security Review of Investments

Organization
Government of Canada

Investment Canada Act national-security factors covering economic security, critical supply chains, and sensitive technology.

Investment screening and national security
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator guidance

A Framework for OFAC Compliance Commitments

Organization
Office of Foreign Assets Control

Five-pillar sanctions compliance framework: management commitment, risk assessment, internal controls, testing/audit, and training.

Sanctions and export controlsAnti-corruption and public procurement
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator list

BIS Entity List

Organization
Bureau of Industry and Security

Key U.S. export control list for technology, supply-chain, customer-screening, and reexport compliance.

Sanctions and export controlsIntellectual property and technology licensing
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator guidance

BIS guidance on developing an export compliance program

Organization
Bureau of Industry and Security

Official practice guidance for export compliance systems, screening, classification, training, audits, and remediation.

Sanctions and export controlsIntellectual property and technology licensing
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator portal

CFIUS foreign investment security review portal

Organization
U.S. Department of the Treasury

Core portal for U.S. national security review of foreign acquisitions, minority investments, real estate, and sensitive technology transactions.

Investment screening and national security
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesprosecutorial guidance

Evaluation of Corporate Compliance Programs

Organization
U.S. Department of Justice

Core U.S. prosecutorial criteria for assessing compliance programs, covering risk assessment, third parties, M&A, and continuous improvement.

Anti-corruption and public procurementDispute resolution and crisis response
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator list

FCC Covered List

Organization
Federal Communications Commission

U.S. national-security list for communications equipment and services, affecting authorization, procurement, and network replacement.

Investment screening and national securityPlatform, product safety, and consumer protectionSanctions and export controls
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator list

OFAC Sanctions List Service

Organization
Office of Foreign Assets Control

Core list service for U.S. financial sanctions, customer screening, beneficial ownership, and payment-chain compliance.

Sanctions and export controls
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesofficial regulation

U.S. Export Administration Regulations

Organization
Bureau of Industry and Security

Baseline U.S. export control regulations for dual-use items, software, technology, reexports, and extraterritorial controls.

Sanctions and export controlsIntellectual property and technology licensing
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator portal

U.S. Outbound Investment Security Program

Organization
U.S. Department of the Treasury

Regulatory portal for U.S. prohibitions and notification requirements for certain investments involving covered advanced technologies.

Investment screening and national securitySanctions and export controlsIntellectual property and technology licensing
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator list

UFLPA Entity List

Organization
Department of Homeland Security

High-risk entity list for U.S. forced-labour import enforcement, affecting origin, supply-chain, and import evidence packages.

Supply chain, labour, and human rightsTrade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policy
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator guidance

UFLPA Operational Guidance for Importers

Organization
U.S. Customs and Border Protection

Official guidance on transaction, production, shipping, and supplier evidence needed to rebut forced-labour presumptions.

Supply chain, labour, and human rightsTrade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policy
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesagency portal

USITC Section 337 investigations portal

Organization
U.S. International Trade Commission

Key portal for U.S. IP-based import exclusion investigations affecting hardware, electronics, telecoms, and consumer products.

Intellectual property and technology licensingDispute resolution and crisis response
Open source
North AmericaUnited Statesregulator portal

USTR China Section 301 tariff actions

Organization
Office of the U.S. Trade Representative

Official portal for U.S. Section 301 tariff actions, exclusions, and reviews concerning China.

Trade remedies, subsidies, and industrial policy
Open source
South AsiaIndiaofficial rule

India Digital Personal Data Protection Rules

Organization
Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

Official rules for personal data processing, data principal rights, children's data, and transfer requirements in India.

Data, cybersecurity, and AI governance
Open source
South AsiaIndiaofficial policy

India Press Note 3 foreign investment policy

Organization
DPIIT

Requires government-route approval for investments from land-border countries or related beneficial owners, central to Chinese investment in India.

Investment screening and national security
Open source

Full Source Index

This table aggregates all external sources used in cases, updates, background, scholarship, practice, and the authority library.

SourceTypeUsed in
A Framework for OFAC Compliance Commitmentsregulator guidanceAuthority Library
A retrospective and agenda for future research on Chinese outward foreign direct investmentarticleScholarship
Arkansas Attorney General, Temu lawsuit announcementstate-attorney-generalTemu Arkansas data lawsuit: consumer protection and mobile-permission risk
Australia foreign investment national security guidanceofficial guidanceAuthority Library
Australia Modern Slavery Statements Registerofficial registryAuthority Library
Baker McKenzie: global sanctions, trade, tax, and data compliance insightslaw firm insightsPractice
BIS Entity Listregulator listAuthority Library
BIS guidance on developing an export compliance programregulator guidanceAuthority Library
BMI German notice on Huawei and ZTE 5G componentsgovernmentGermany 5G component phase-out: Huawei and ZTE under European network-sovereignty scrutiny
Brazil Administrative Council for Economic Defenseregulator portalAuthority Library
Brazil Public Labour Prosecutor's OfficeregulatorBYD Brazil labour case: contractor labour becomes group reputation and criminal risk
Brazil registry of employers using slave-like labour conditionsofficial registryAuthority Library
Brazilian National Data Protection Authorityregulator portalAuthority Library
CAC, DiDi cybersecurity review penalty decisionregulatorDiDi cybersecurity review and delisting: data security affecting overseas capital-market paths
Canada forced labour and supply chains reporting portalofficial portalAuthority Library
Canada, further national security review of TikTok CanadagovernmentTikTok Canada national security review: from wind-up order to binding undertakings
Canada, wind-up order for TikTok Technology CanadagovernmentTikTok Canada national security review: from wind-up order to binding undertakings
CBP de minimis informationregulatorU.S. changes low-value shipment rules for China/Hong Kong
CBP UFLPA operational guidanceregulatorUFLPA apparel and e-commerce risk: small parcels still need supply-chain proof
CBP UFLPA statisticsregulatorCBP UFLPA statistics dashboard continues updating
CFIUS foreign investment security review portalregulator portalAuthority Library
China's International Investment Strategy: Bilateral, Regional, and Global Law and PolicybookScholarship
China's regulatory framework for outward foreign direct investmentarticleScholarship
Clifford Chance: foreign investment screening, financial regulation, and disputes insightslaw firm insightsPractice
Court of Justice of the EU case-law searchcourtNuctech EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation case: inspections and subsidy review
CourtListener docket, U.S. WeChat Users Alliance v. TrumpcourtWeChat U.S. ban litigation: national security, speech, and platform dependence
CPSC Commissioners' statement on foreign e-commerce sitesregulatorCPSC scrutiny of Temu and Shein: product-safety duties for low-cost cross-border e-commerce
Cyberspace Administration of ChinaregulatorChina's cross-border data-flow facilitation rules take effect
Data Security Lawofficial lawAuthority Library
Dentons Dacheng: BRI, construction, and cross-border compliance insightslaw firm insightsPractice
DoD PDF, entities identified as Chinese military companiesgovernment-listTencent 1260H listing: non-sanctions lists still affect capital markets and procurement
Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Business Conductinternational guidancePractice
EU Artificial Intelligence Actofficial lawAuthority Library
EU Batteries Regulationofficial lawAuthority Library
EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism Regulationofficial lawAuthority Library
EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directiveofficial lawAuthority Library
EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive practice portalregulatory explainerPractice
EU Deforestation Regulationofficial lawAuthority Library
EU Digital Markets Actofficial lawAuthority Library
EU Digital Services Actofficial lawAuthority Library
EU FDI Screening Regulationofficial lawAuthority Library
EU Forced Labour Regulationofficial lawAuthority Library
EU Foreign Subsidies Regulationofficial lawAuthority Library
EU General Data Protection Regulationofficial lawAuthority Library
EU General Product Safety Regulationofficial lawAuthority Library
European Commission AliExpress DSA proceedingsregulatorEU opens DSA proceedings against AliExpress
European Commission CBAM portalregulator portalAuthority Library
European Commission designated VLOPs and VLOSEsregulatorShein EU platform regulation: VLOP duties and consumer-product safety
European Commission Forced Labour RegulationregulatorEU forced-labour product ban countdown begins
European Commission Foreign Subsidies Regulation portalregulator portalAuthority Library
European Commission investment screening portalregulator portalAuthority Library
European Commission IP/24/5581regulatorEU imposes countervailing duties on Chinese EVs
European Commission sustainability due diligenceregulatorCSDDD moves into transposition and phased application
European Commission Temu DSA preliminary findingsregulatorTemu receives DSA preliminary findings on illegal-product risk
European Commission, AI ActregulatorEU AI Act: risk classification and documentation duties for AI products abroad
European Commission, Temu DSA fineregulatorTemu EUR 200 million DSA fine: risk assessments cannot be generic templates
European Commission, TikTok Lite rewards commitmentsregulatorTikTok Lite rewards case: growth mechanics require systemic-risk assessment
Evaluation of Corporate Compliance Programsprosecutorial guidanceAuthority Library
Fangda: cross-border transactions, antitrust, and regulatory investigation practicelaw firm insightsPractice
FATF guidance and publicationsinternational-organizationAlternative payments and sanctions risk: de-dollarization does not eliminate compliance risk
FATF Recommendationsinternational standardAuthority Library
FCC Covered Listregulator listAuthority Library
FCC equipment authorization orderregulatorFCC Covered List: market-access blockage for telecoms and surveillance equipment
Federal Register, addition of Huawei entities to Entity ListregulatorHuawei Entity List case: export controls reshaping global supply chains
Federal Register, BIS export administration regulationsregulatorBIS semiconductor controls: equipment, software, and Entity List tightening
Federal Register, Executive Order 13943 on WeChatexecutive-orderWeChat U.S. ban litigation: national security, speech, and platform dependence
Federal Register, Executive Order 13971 on Chinese connected softwareexecutive-orderAlipay, WeChat Pay, and connected-software order: national securitization of payments and app ecosystems
Federal Register, Executive Order 14034 revoking prior app ordersexecutive-orderAlipay, WeChat Pay, and connected-software order: national securitization of payments and app ecosystems
Federal Register, FCC supply-chain national security ruleregulatorFCC secure-equipment authorization ban: from procurement restrictions to market-access restrictions
Federal Register, Huawei non-U.S. affiliates and direct-product rule updatesregulatorHuawei Entity List case: export controls reshaping global supply chains
Federal Register, ZTE denial order terminationregulatorZTE denial-order crisis: breach of compliance undertakings can become existential risk
Foreign acquisitions by Chinese firms: A strategic intent perspectivearticleScholarship
Freshfields: global regulatory, antitrust, and disputes briefingslaw firm insightsPractice
FTC, lawsuit against TikTok and ByteDanceregulatorTikTok children's privacy lawsuit: COPPA compliance as platform product governance
Garante PrivacyregulatorItalian regulator acts on DeepSeek data protection
German Federal Ministry of the Interior, 5G security announcementgovernmentGermany 5G component phase-out: Huawei and ZTE under European network-sovereignty scrutiny
Globalization of Chinese firms: Theoretical universalism or particularismarticleScholarship
Google Play Protect overviewplatform-guidancePinduoduo app security incident: app-store governance and mobile trust risk
Guidelines on the National Security Review of Investmentsofficial guidanceAuthority Library
Han Kun: technology expansion, data, and capital markets practicelaw firm insightsPractice
How emerging market governments promote outward FDI: Experience from ChinaarticleScholarship
ICO guidance on international transfersregulator guidanceAuthority Library
IFC Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainabilityinternational standardAuthority Library
ILO Indicators of Forced Labourinternational guidanceAuthority Library
ILO Tripartite Declaration of Principles concerning Multinational Enterprisesinternational standardAuthority Library
India Digital Personal Data Protection Rulesofficial ruleAuthority Library
India Enforcement Directorate press releasesregulatorVivo India enforcement case: distribution structure, fund flows, and criminal investigation
India Press Note 3 foreign investment policyofficial policyAuthority Library
International Maritime Organization security pageinternational-organizationRed Sea shipping disruption: how security events enter contract performance
Investment Canada Act, national security decisionsgovernmentHikvision Canada wind-up order: security equipment and investment national-security review
Irish Data Protection Commission press releasesregulatorTikTok fined by Irish DPC over cross-border data transfers
Japan METI trade control portalregulator portalAuthority Library
JunHe: overseas expansion, export controls, data, and cross-border transaction updateslaw firm insightsPractice
KrebsOnSecurity, Google suspends Pinduoduo over malwaresecurity-reportingPinduoduo app security incident: app-store governance and mobile trust risk
KWM: going-global and global compliance insightslaw firm insightsPractice
Measures for Security Assessment of Data Exportsregulator ruleAuthority Library
Measures for the Administration of Overseas Investmentofficial ruleAuthority Library
Measures for the Administration of Overseas Investment by Enterprisesofficial ruleAuthority Library
Measures on the Standard Contract for Personal Information Exportregulator ruleAuthority Library
MOFCOM: 2024 Statistical Bulletin of China's Outward FDIofficial statisticsBackground
National Bureau of Statistics: 2025 Statistical Communiqueofficial statisticsBackground
Network Data Security Management Regulationofficial regulationAuthority Library
NVIDIA SEC filingscompanyH20/MI308 licensing risk: compliant chips can be restricted again
OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Business Conductinternational guidanceAuthority Library
OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises on Responsible Business Conductinternational standardAuthority Library
OECD: FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Indexinternational organizationBackground
OFAC Sanctions List Serviceregulator listAuthority Library
OFAC sanctions programsregulatorAlternative payments and sanctions risk: de-dollarization does not eliminate compliance risk
OFAC, Chinese Military Companies sanctions programregulatorSenseTime OFAC CMIC listing: AI, human rights, and capital-market restrictions intersect
OFAC, ZTE settlementregulatorZTE 2017 U.S. sanctions and export-control settlement: third-party channels are not safe harbors
Party-State Capitalism in ChinaarticleScholarship
People's Daily: State Council Regulation on Outbound Investmentofficial mediaBackground
Personal Information Protection Lawofficial lawAuthority Library
Perspectives on China's outward foreign direct investmentarticleScholarship
Provisions on Facilitating and Regulating Cross-Border Data Flowregulator ruleAuthority Library
Regulation on Export Control of Dual-Use Itemsofficial regulationAuthority Library
Repository datarepositoryInitial source-check date
Reuters coverage of BYD Brazil labour allegationsmediaBYD Brazil labour case: contractor labour becomes group reputation and criminal risk
SEC exhibit, SAMR administrative penalty decision for Alibabacompany-filingAlibaba antitrust penalty: platform ecosystem governance affecting global investor disclosure
SEC, DiDi Form 6-K on delistingcompany-filingDiDi cybersecurity review and delisting: data security affecting overseas capital-market paths
SEC, Luckin Coffee accounting fraud settlementregulatorLuckin SEC accounting-fraud case: financial-control risk for overseas-listed companies
SEC, PDD Holdings 2023 Form 20-Fcompany-filingPinduoduo app security incident: app-store governance and mobile trust risk
State Capitalism and International Investment LawbookScholarship
State Council policy databaseregulatorNetwork Data Security Management Regulation takes effect
State Council Regulation on Outbound Investmentofficial lawAuthority Library
State ownership effect on firms' FDI ownership decisions under institutional pressurearticleScholarship
The determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investmentarticleScholarship
The UK Sanctions Listregulator listAuthority Library
U.S. BIS export controlsregulatorH20/MI308 licensing risk: compliant chips can be restricted again
U.S. BIS regulationsregulatorU.S. updates advanced semiconductor export controls on China
U.S. Congress, PAFACA textlegislationTikTok U.S. divestiture law: platform, data, and national security converge
U.S. Customs and Border Protection, USMCAregulatorMexico nearshoring: origin, transshipment, and USMCA compliance
U.S. Department of Defense releasesregulatorBattery firms and security listings: customer procurement and capital-market risk
U.S. Department of Defense, Section 1260H list releasegovernmentTencent 1260H listing: non-sanctions lists still affect capital markets and procurement
U.S. DOJ FCPA resourcesregulatorDOJ issues new FCPA enforcement guidance
U.S. DOJ, Meng Wanzhou deferred prosecution agreement announcementprosecutorMeng Wanzhou DPA: sanctions, bank compliance, and executive exposure
U.S. DOJ, TikTok COPPA lawsuitprosecutorTikTok children's privacy lawsuit: COPPA compliance as platform product governance
U.S. DOJ, ZTE guilty plea and penaltiesprosecutorZTE 2017 U.S. sanctions and export-control settlement: third-party channels are not safe harbors
U.S. Export Administration Regulationsofficial regulationAuthority Library
U.S. Outbound Investment Security Programregulator portalAuthority Library
U.S. Supreme Court opinion, TikTok Inc. v. GarlandcourtTikTok U.S. divestiture law: platform, data, and national security converge
U.S. Treasury Outbound Investment Security ProgramregulatorU.S. outbound investment security rules take effect
U.S. Treasury, serious human rights abuse sanctions releaseregulatorSenseTime OFAC CMIC listing: AI, human rights, and capital-market restrictions intersect
UFLPA Entity Listregulator listAuthority Library
UFLPA Operational Guidance for Importersregulator guidanceAuthority Library
UK export controls guidanceofficial guidanceAuthority Library
UK government, Huawei to be removed from UK 5G networks by 2027governmentHuawei UK 5G removal decision: allied sanctions changing market access
UK High Court, InterDigital v Lenovo FRAND judgmentcourtLenovo/InterDigital FRAND dispute: global rates and injunction risk
UK National Security and Investment Act notification guidanceofficial guidanceAuthority Library
UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rightsinternational standardAuthority Library
USITC Section 337 investigations portalagency portalAuthority Library
USTR China Section 301 tariff actionsregulator portalAuthority Library
WCO Rules of Origin portalinternational customs guidanceAuthority Library
What determines Chinese outward FDI?articleScholarship
White House presidential actionsregulatorFCPA 2025 enforcement adjustment: priorities may shift, third-party red lines remain
World Bank debarred firms listregulatorMDB sanctions: one corruption or fraud case can affect global bidding eligibility
World Bank Sanctions Systemmultilateral enforcementAuthority Library
World Investment Report 2025international reportAuthority Library
WTO anti-dumping rules portalinternational legal frameworkAuthority Library
WTO subsidies and countervailing measures portalinternational legal frameworkAuthority Library
WTO Technical Barriers to Trade portalinternational legal frameworkAuthority Library
Zhong Lun: overseas expansion, data compliance, and international trade remedies researchlaw firm insightsPractice